During the COVID-19 pandemic, several corona virus tests available on the market promise to confirm whether the person is infected or not. The RTPCR test, the rapid antigen test and the serological test (G and M) are among the options available to confirm the presence of the virus in the body. Before choosing between the alternatives, it should be understood that the procedures have different indications, precision, types of collection, waiting times for results and prices. Understand which method can be most effective for each case. Though there are different tests which are available nowadays but some are very effective and provide fast results for the business travelers and international travelers.
Corona virus Test (RTPCR)
The RTPCR corona virus test is an exam in which a genetic analysis of the collected material is performed. The objective is to verify if the RNA of the virus is also present in the sample. This exam is appointed as the gold standard for diagnosis. The collection can be done from the 3rd day of onset of symptoms, until the 10th day. ‘RT’ refers to the enzyme, used to convert virus RNA into complementary DNA. The acronym ‘PCR’ means for polymerase chain reaction, a technique used to produce multiple copies of a gene.
Antibody Test (G and M)
The Covid antibody test seeks to detect the presence of antibodies in a blood sample. A serological analysis is performed, in which the amount of antibodies in the serum is measured. Those of the first class (M) are found in the initial period of the disease. Those of the second class (G) appear at least about three weeks after infection and usually indicate potential immunization. In the case of COVID-19, the efficiency and durability of immunity related to G antibody is not yet known.
Corona virus (Antigen) Test
There are tests that seek to detect the presence of the antigen — which could be a component of a virus. According to the experts, while the RTPCR result may take a few days to be released, the Corona virus Day 2 Antigen Test takes 6 hours to confirm the presence of the virus in the collected material. For this evaluation, a sample of secretions from the nose and throat is also taken with the swab. When the test is performed after the 5th day of symptom presentation, the accuracy is greater.
The antigen has a lower sensitivity, but it is easier. An exam can be taken to several places. It does not need something very specific. This exam has its value when the patient is symptomatic. When there is a low viral load, the antigen loses sensitivity.